Phonemic awareness is all about hearing the sounds present in words. CAT is a simple example with 3 phonemes, C-A-T. BIKE also has 3 phonemes, B-I-K.
A great way to begin practicing phonemes is to focus on beginning sounds. For example: Bike, Bat, Ball, Banana all have the same beginning sound. Challenge your child to think of more.
An added challenge is to ask them to find the sound that doesn't belong by adding a word like 'Cat' to the group of 'B' words. FINDING THE WORD WITH A DIFFERENT BEGINNING SOUND IN A SERIES IS WHAT THEY WILL BE ASSESSED ON USING THE TOPA.
Another way to practice phonemes using beginning sounds is to start with a word, and find another word in a series that has the same beginning sound. For example: Man - Nest, Clock, Monkey, Paper. Monkey and Man have the same beginning sound. THIS IS ANOTHER COMPONENT OF THE TOPA.
On paper, we do not use actual words to practice this, but pictures, saying each picture name out loud. Please note this is also NOT about children being able to identify the letter making the sound...it is ONLY about distinguishing between sounds.
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